11:48 PM
maboko
Terms
of Reference
Literature Review on Prohibition and Elimination of Physical / Corporal Punishment and all other Forms of Cruel and Degrading Punishment in Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda
Background
ANPPCAN is a pan-African child rights organization concerned with the status of children in general, and, in particular, those in need of protection.
It was founded in 1986 in Enugu, Nigeria during the First African Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect whose theme was Child Labour in Africa.
It is registered as an international NGO in Kenya and has its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and also has observer status with the African Union (AU) and the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights based in Banjul, Gambia.
ANPPCAN seeks to engage the services of one consultant to conduct a literature review on prohibition and elimination of physical/corporal punishment in seven countries in the Eastern Africa region, namely Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
Corporal punishment is one of the most persistent forms of violence against children the world over.
The fact that it is lawful in schools, justice and care settings in many countries – and in the home in most countries – underpins its continued use and provides a false basis for the belief that it is somewhat morally “right” and “justifiable”.
In the Eastern Africa region, Kenya and South Sudan recently enacted legislation which achieves prohibition of all corporal punishment in all settings. But political priorities and other circumstances in both countries have hampered moving from prohibition towards elimination of all forms of violent punishment of children.
In most countries in the Region some progress has been made towards prohibiting corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment in care institutions and schools.
However, Governments still need to enact laws to prohibit all physical punishment in all settings and take other linked measures to move from prohibition to elimination in favour of a total ban.
Mechanisms to report cases of physical abuse within child protection systems and promote positive discipline as an alternative also need to be put in place or strengthened.
The All Africa report, published jointly by the African Child Policy Forum, the Global Initiative and Save the Children Sweden in 2010/11, identifies active campaigns against corporal punishment in a growing number of states and also immediate opportunities to achieve further law reform in states in all regions of the continent.
Save the Children Sweden and the Global Initiative have collaborated with Plan International and other partners in organising three technical workshops on achieving law reform to ban all corporal punishment, in May 2009 in Nairobi for East and Central Africa, in Beirut in June 2010 for the Middle East and North Africa and in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso for West Africa in December 2011.
Within the framework of diminishing Violence against Children and promoting positive discipline within the Region, ANPPCAN Regional Office, Save the Children and the Global Initiative to support governments in East and Central Africa in prohibiting and eliminating physical punishment by hosting a five day workshop aimed at national plans of action against this form of violence from 18th to 24th February 2012 in Zanzibar Tanzania.
This workshop will be used to prioritize implementation strategies for countries that have already achieved a total ban and provide lobbying techniques for the rest of the Region towards achieving the same.
Two days of the workshop will also be dedicated to positive discipline based on a manual developed by Save the Children Sweden and the Save the Children International Child Protection Initiative.
1. Scope of Work
To address the gaps and take stock of prohibition and elimination of physical/corporal punishment and all other forms of cruel and degrading punishment in the region, the consultant will:
Literature Review on Prohibition and Elimination of Physical / Corporal Punishment and all other Forms of Cruel and Degrading Punishment in Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda
Background
ANPPCAN is a pan-African child rights organization concerned with the status of children in general, and, in particular, those in need of protection.
It was founded in 1986 in Enugu, Nigeria during the First African Conference on Child Abuse and Neglect whose theme was Child Labour in Africa.
It is registered as an international NGO in Kenya and has its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya and also has observer status with the African Union (AU) and the African Commission on Human and Peoples Rights based in Banjul, Gambia.
ANPPCAN seeks to engage the services of one consultant to conduct a literature review on prohibition and elimination of physical/corporal punishment in seven countries in the Eastern Africa region, namely Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan, South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
Corporal punishment is one of the most persistent forms of violence against children the world over.
The fact that it is lawful in schools, justice and care settings in many countries – and in the home in most countries – underpins its continued use and provides a false basis for the belief that it is somewhat morally “right” and “justifiable”.
In the Eastern Africa region, Kenya and South Sudan recently enacted legislation which achieves prohibition of all corporal punishment in all settings. But political priorities and other circumstances in both countries have hampered moving from prohibition towards elimination of all forms of violent punishment of children.
In most countries in the Region some progress has been made towards prohibiting corporal punishment and other cruel or degrading forms of punishment in care institutions and schools.
However, Governments still need to enact laws to prohibit all physical punishment in all settings and take other linked measures to move from prohibition to elimination in favour of a total ban.
Mechanisms to report cases of physical abuse within child protection systems and promote positive discipline as an alternative also need to be put in place or strengthened.
The All Africa report, published jointly by the African Child Policy Forum, the Global Initiative and Save the Children Sweden in 2010/11, identifies active campaigns against corporal punishment in a growing number of states and also immediate opportunities to achieve further law reform in states in all regions of the continent.
Save the Children Sweden and the Global Initiative have collaborated with Plan International and other partners in organising three technical workshops on achieving law reform to ban all corporal punishment, in May 2009 in Nairobi for East and Central Africa, in Beirut in June 2010 for the Middle East and North Africa and in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso for West Africa in December 2011.
Within the framework of diminishing Violence against Children and promoting positive discipline within the Region, ANPPCAN Regional Office, Save the Children and the Global Initiative to support governments in East and Central Africa in prohibiting and eliminating physical punishment by hosting a five day workshop aimed at national plans of action against this form of violence from 18th to 24th February 2012 in Zanzibar Tanzania.
This workshop will be used to prioritize implementation strategies for countries that have already achieved a total ban and provide lobbying techniques for the rest of the Region towards achieving the same.
Two days of the workshop will also be dedicated to positive discipline based on a manual developed by Save the Children Sweden and the Save the Children International Child Protection Initiative.
1. Scope of Work
To address the gaps and take stock of prohibition and elimination of physical/corporal punishment and all other forms of cruel and degrading punishment in the region, the consultant will:
- Conduct a desk review and analysis of existing literature on policies and programmes / strategies on prohibition of Physical and Humiliating punishment, positive discipline and alternatives to physical punishment in Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda.
- Identify gaps and challenges of on-going initiatives to stop physical and humiliating punishment in the region and recommendations for follow up.
- Highlight successful campaigns especially from countries that have legally achieved a total ban on corporal punishment (South Sudan and Kenya).
- Determine political will and the potential support of governments and NGOs to achieve a total ban on corporal punishment/PHP and supporting alternative forms of discipline in the target countries.
- Prepare a final report with conclusions and concrete recommendations on PHP and Positive Child discipline methods.
- Present the review report to the conference.
- Guide the technical working group established to draft National Action Plans to pursue prohibition of physical punishment in all settings and alternatives to physical punishment in each participating state.
2.
Methodology
- The consultant will carry out a desk review and analysis of existing literature on policies and programmes/strategies on prohibition of Physical and Humiliating punishment in Ethiopia, Kenya, Sudan and South Sudan, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda. He/she will identify achievements towards a total ban on corporal punishment, prioritize implementation strategies for countries that have already legally achieved a total ban and provide lobbying techniques for the rest of the Region towards achieving a total ban.
- He/she will work with a Technical working group from respective countries and the process will be monitored by the working group and validated by key stakeholders involved in child rights and child protection in the region.
3.
Time Frame
It is envisaged that the desk review will take 7 days including validation meeting.
The first draft report of the findings of the study will be submitted to ANPPCAN Regional by 5th March 2012. ANPPCAN together with the Technical Working Group will give their comments within a week for the consultant to refine his/her report.
The second draft of the report should be submitted by 14th March 2012 after incorporating comments from the Technical Working Group ready for presentation to the conference for Validation.
The consultant will use the comments from the Validation workshop that will be conducted from 18th to 24 March 2012 to finalize the report and submit the final report by 6th April, 2012.
4. Consultant Skills and Experience
It is envisaged that the desk review will take 7 days including validation meeting.
The first draft report of the findings of the study will be submitted to ANPPCAN Regional by 5th March 2012. ANPPCAN together with the Technical Working Group will give their comments within a week for the consultant to refine his/her report.
The second draft of the report should be submitted by 14th March 2012 after incorporating comments from the Technical Working Group ready for presentation to the conference for Validation.
The consultant will use the comments from the Validation workshop that will be conducted from 18th to 24 March 2012 to finalize the report and submit the final report by 6th April, 2012.
4. Consultant Skills and Experience
- A Masters Degree in Psychology, Social Sciences/Development Studies
- Significant previous research on issues of children in Africa
- Experience of working with teams to develop documents
Desirable
- Knowledge of child protection policy framework and service provision
- Experience of working with partners at International, Regional and National level
5.
Submission of Expressions of Interest
Please submit your expression of interest including full CV, letter of recommendation, proposed fee per day and a brief outline of proposed methodology for the consultancy to ANPPCAN at regional@anppcan.org, cc: cogutu@anppcan.org marked ‘Expression of Interest for PHP/Corporal Punishment by 1st March 2012
Please submit your expression of interest including full CV, letter of recommendation, proposed fee per day and a brief outline of proposed methodology for the consultancy to ANPPCAN at regional@anppcan.org, cc: cogutu@anppcan.org marked ‘Expression of Interest for PHP/Corporal Punishment by 1st March 2012
